Factlysis

The Long-Term Effects of Stem Cell Transplants: What New Research Tells Us About Mutation Rates and Blood Cell Regeneration A groundbreaking study on hematopoietic stem cell transplants, often used to treat blood cancers, has provided insight into the long-term behavior of donor stem cells in recipients. Published in  Science Translational Medicine  , this study examined 16 unique pairs of donors and recipients who had survived decades after transplant—some for as long as 46 years. The findings revealed intriguing clues about how these transplanted cells change over time and raised new questions about the regenerative potential of bone marrow. Background on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants For patients battling blood cancers, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are often the best treatment option. In this procedure, stem cells from a healthy donor are transferred to a recipient, taking over the job of rebuilding the entire blood cell production system in the new host. Thes...

                                                                                                                  INTRODUCTION Kautilya is considered as the pioneer of economics and political science. In the Western world, he has been referred to as the Indian Machiavelli, although his works predate Machiavelli’s by about 1800 years. Kautilya was a teacher in Takshila, an ancient centre of learning, and was responsible for the creation of the Mauryan Empire, the first of its kind on the Indian subcontinent.  His works were lost near the end of the Gupta dynasty and not rediscovered until the early twentieth century. Two classics that are said to be Kautilya’s creations are the Arthashastra and the Neet...

Concept: 1. Context and Background Incident: Killing of Hamas chief Yahya Sinwar in Gaza by Israeli forces on October 16, 2024. Significance: Sinwar’s assassination represents a key milestone in Israel’s campaign against Hamas, following the assassination of previous Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in July 2024. Broader Impact: Rising civilian casualties and the lack of diplomatic initiatives have escalated humanitarian concerns and political tensions. 2. Positions of Global Powers United States: Preoccupied with domestic issues, the U.S. has not successfully pushed for a ceasefire, despite its influence in the region. China: Seeks to build influence by supporting Palestinian sovereignty from a decolonization perspective and maintaining a stance that fosters its relations with Arab and Iranian allies. India: Adopts a dual stance by supporting counter-terrorism initiatives while also upholding a two-state solution, balancing its ties with both Israel and Palestine. 3. Regional and Global Di...